FIDO2 is an open authentication standard that enables users to log in to online services without using a password. It uses public key cryptography to provide strong authentication that is resistant to phishing and other online attacks. To use FIDO2, you will need a compatible device and an account with a service that supports FIDO2 authentication. When you log in, you will be prompted to use your device to authenticate yourself. This may involve using a fingerprint reader, facial recognition, or a security key. Lets break down both of them to common usage and examples.
MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication)
- Concept: Requires users to provide multiple verification factors to access an account. These factors typically fall into categories like:
- Something you know: Password, PIN, security questions
- Something you have: One-time code from an app, SMS code, security key
- Something you are: Biometrics (fingerprint, facial recognition)
- Examples:
- Password + SMS code
- Password + authenticator app code
- Password + fingerprint scan
FIDO2
- Concept: A set of open standards for passwordless authentication. It relies on cryptographic keys and a local authentication method (like a fingerprint or PIN) to verify the user.
- How it works:
- User registers a FIDO2-compatible device (like a security key or smartphone) with an online service.
- When logging in, the user activates the device (e.g., by tapping a key or scanning a fingerprint).
- The device generates a cryptographic signature that proves the user’s identity.
- Key Features:
- Passwordless: Users don’t need to remember complex passwords.
- Phishing-resistant: The cryptographic nature makes it very difficult for attackers to intercept credentials.
- Strong security: Relies on proven public-key cryptography.
- User-friendly: Simple and fast login process.
FIDO2 vs. MFA: Key Differences
- Passwordless vs. Password-based: FIDO2 is designed for passwordless logins, while traditional MFA often still involves a password as one factor.
- Security: FIDO2 is generally considered more secure due to its resistance to phishing and the use of strong cryptography.
- Convenience: FIDO2 can be more convenient as it eliminates the need to type in passwords or one-time codes.
In Summary
FIDO2 is a subset of MFA that offers a more secure and user-friendly approach to authentication. It’s a strong choice for those looking to move away from traditional passwords and enhance their online security. As we witness attacks that can break MFA, we should start thinking on a way to secure our resources by utilizing more secure method and FIDO is one of those methods.